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        <title>CAN Wiki</title>
        <description></description>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/</link>
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       <dc:date>2026-08-23T22:35:47+00:00</dc:date>
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    <image rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=wiki:dokuwiki.svg">
        <title>CAN Wiki</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/</link>
        <url>http://can-wiki.info/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=wiki:dokuwiki.svg</url>
    </image>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_faq_erors&amp;rev=1787481007&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-23T10:30:07+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>can_faq_erors - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_faq_erors&amp;rev=1787481007&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>CAN Errors / CAN Error States

What are Error Active, Error Passive, and Bus off of CAN Bus?

Just to give a little background to the answer:

In order to prevent malfunctioning nodes from disturbing, or even blocking, an entire system, the CAN protocol implements a sophisticated fault confinement mechanism. The CAN protocol is intended to be orthogonal, i.e. all nodes address faults in the same manner. Fault confinement is provided where each node constantly monitors its performance with regard…</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-23T02:51:09+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>can_faqlinks - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_faqlinks&amp;rev=1787453469&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>CAN FAQs (and answers) in the net

There are not only the FAQ list on this web site  but a lot more spread all over the net. If you find one, and it is worth, put a link here or drop the admin a note.

	*   CAN FAQ   at the university of Warwick UK (old)
	*</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_bus_off&amp;rev=1787415866&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-22T16:24:26+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>can_bus_off - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_bus_off&amp;rev=1787415866&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>CAN Bus-Off condition/ state

BusOff is an error state of the CAN Controller. Only the transmitter can switch in the state BusOff, if the Transmit Error Counter exceeds 255.

(more details needed on this place)

In real life a CAN controller can switch in the mode ErrorPassive sporadic. But the mode BusOff is a critical error and should never arrive without a hardware error or an other critical error.</description>
    </item>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-21T08:56:32+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>what_is_wrong_with_rtr - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=what_is_wrong_with_rtr&amp;rev=1787302592&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Why using RTRs is not advised?

RTR means Remote Transmission Request - a CAN frame requesting another node to send a requested frame.

CiA, especially the Special Interest Group CANopen is not recommending using RTR Messages. You may ask: why?

The CiA has a paper explaining the contras and giving advice for better solutions. CiA AN 802 V1.0: CANopen statement on the use of RTR-messages 

It can be downloaded free of charge after a registration at &lt;http://www.can-cia.org/downloads/ciaspecificat…</description>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-20T10:03:27+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>can_faq_blowuprs232 - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_faq_blowuprs232&amp;rev=1787220207&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Can CAN blow up RS232 transceivers

Christian Schlegel wrote

Yes it can!  Perhaps the CAN trasceiver 82C250 is used on the I/O module. This
transceiver is only able to sustain a voltage of -8V to +18V at CAN_H
and CAN_L. On a RS232 you have -12V to +12V.

Using the CAN transceiver 82C251 gives more immunity because this
transceiver can sustain a voltage of -36V to +36V at CAN_H and CAN_L
and the price of this chip is quite the same as for the 82C250.</description>
    </item>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-18T22:21:01+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>can_message_filtering - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_message_filtering&amp;rev=1787091661&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>What is CAN Message Filtering

The two most common terms used are accceptance mask and acceptance code. Let&#039;s see how Allen Pothoof &lt;apothoof@hotmail.com&gt; explains this:

In an ideal world, you would have a filter for each message you wanted to receive.  That would allow you to  reject any messages you aren&#039;t interested in.  But we don&#039;t live in a perfect world.  If you don&#039;t have enough filters, you have to</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_connectors&amp;rev=1786925203&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-17T00:06:43+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>can_connectors - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_connectors&amp;rev=1786925203&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>CAN Connectors

CiA Standard CiA303-1 lists more than 20 different connectors and there pinning.

	*  Dsub-9 most often used male and female connectors
	*  em069A-3, this 3-pin connector from China is dedicated to low-cost devices  for cheap equipment.</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=who_is_who&amp;rev=1786884213&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-16T12:43:33+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>who_is_who - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=who_is_who&amp;rev=1786884213&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Who is Who in CAN

Who is Who ? Fortunately not all the important persons are presented by pictures, but only by papers. Here are some. Feel free to add if you know someone. Ask for permission before posting or use public available portrait pictures.</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_higher_layer_protocols:nmea200&amp;rev=1786877784&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-16T10:56:24+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>nmea200 - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_higher_layer_protocols:nmea200&amp;rev=1786877784&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>NMEA 2000

NMEA 2000 is a communication protocol based upon the SaeJ1939 Controller Area Network standard from the  National Marine Electronics Association to interconnect various electronic units onboard ships and smaller recreational and commercial vessels.

NMEA 2000

The development of this  standard began in 1994. It was released in 2001
The standard  NMEA 2000(R) is a low-cost serial data network operating at 250 kbits/s based on CAN substituting NMEA0183.</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_cabling&amp;rev=1786864013&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-16T07:06:53+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>can_cabling - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_cabling&amp;rev=1786864013&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>CAN cabling

Some rules on how to design a CAN network. Consider reading Problem Solving Questions.

The rules are general and valid for an CAN network including CANopen and Devicenet. Therefore look at Device Net Cable too.

	*  Always use twisted pairs for CAN_H and CAN_L.
		*  Several manufacturers offer also four twisted cables for CAN when using 4-wire construction. This makes cable thinner and enables moulding of 2x2x0.5mm2 into e.g. M12-connectors</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_faq_basic_full&amp;rev=1786862316&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-16T06:38:36+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>can_faq_basic_full - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_faq_basic_full&amp;rev=1786862316&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Difference between Basic and Full CAN

Initially there was only one “CAN controller”, which was designed to have some amount of object buffers. This was the now deceased Intel 82526 (up to 5 message buffers). It was followed by the 82527 with 15 message buffers. Then Philips tried to cut cost to produce a even cheaper version, hence 82C200 which has two receive buffers and one transmit buffer, and of course the partial mask-match filtering as well. In order to differentiate between these two CAN…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_higher_layer_protocols&amp;rev=1786858637&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-16T05:37:17+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>can_higher_layer_protocols - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_higher_layer_protocols&amp;rev=1786858637&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>CAN Higher Layer Protocols

	*  CANopen
	*  DeviceNet
	*  SDS</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=problem_solving_questions&amp;rev=1786768046&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-15T04:27:26+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>problem_solving_questions - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=problem_solving_questions&amp;rev=1786768046&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Problem Solving Questions

Why is my CAN not working ? Here are some Problem Solving Questions
This page should help you to find out why your network is not working by providing questions. Answering these questions should help to find out what is possibly going wrong.</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_faq&amp;rev=1786716645&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-14T14:10:45+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>can_faq - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_faq&amp;rev=1786716645&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>CAN Frequently Asked Questions

This CAN_FaqLinks page contains a collection of other FAQs on the web.

	*  What is CAN?
		*  try to answer it here or see &lt;http://www.can-cia.org/index.php?id=170&gt;

	*  What is the future of CAN ?
		*  CAN with flexible data rate - CAN FD - was introduced by Bosch in March 2012 on the 13th international CAN Conference</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_fd&amp;rev=1786714490&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-14T13:34:50+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>can_fd - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_fd&amp;rev=1786714490&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>CAN with flexible Data Rate improved CAN

More than 20 years after introducing CAN, communication requirements have increased and CAN has reached it&#039;s bandwidth limits in some application fields.
To improve CAN regarding bandwidth Bosch has specified the</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can:higher_layer_protocols:duplicate_mac_id&amp;rev=1786712999&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-14T13:09:59+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>duplicate_mac_id - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can:higher_layer_protocols:duplicate_mac_id&amp;rev=1786712999&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>DeviceNet Duplicate MAC ID Protocol Summary

In the following explanation “Dup MAC Request/Response” means a Duplicate
MAC ID  Request/Response message at the same MAC ID as the node being described.

Power-up

	*  Transmit Dup MAC request message</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_physical_layer:can_transceivers&amp;rev=1786710128&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-14T12:22:08+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>heinz (heinz@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>can_transceivers - [Texas Instruments] </title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_physical_layer:can_transceivers&amp;rev=1786710128&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>CAN Transceivers

The CAN transceiver has two tasks:

	*  Receiving: it adapts signal levels from the bus, to levels that the CAN Controller expects and has protective circuitry that protect the CAN Controller
	*  Sending: it converts the transmit-bit signal received from the CAN Controller into a signal that is sent onto the bus</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_higher_layer_protocols:whatiswrongwithrtr&amp;rev=1786710110&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-08-14T12:21:50+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>whatiswrongwithrtr - removed - external edit (Unknown date)</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=can_higher_layer_protocols:whatiswrongwithrtr&amp;rev=1786710110&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Why using RTRs is not advised in CANopen?

CiA, especially the Special Interest Group CANopen is not recommending using RTR Messages. You may ask: why?



The CiA has a paper explaining the contras and giving advice for better solutions. CiA 802 V1.1.0: CANopen application note - CAN remote frames: Avoiding of usage (IGCO_802v01010000.pdf)</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=controllers:ctucanfd&amp;rev=1774608436&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2026-03-27T10:47:16+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>pavelpisa (pavelpisa@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>ctucanfd - [CTU CAN FD] </title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=controllers:ctucanfd&amp;rev=1774608436&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>CTU - Czech Technical University in Prague

There are many CAN bus related project implemented at
the  Faculty of Electrical Engineering
of the  Czech Technical University in Prague

CTU CAN FD

CTU CAN FD is a soft IP core whose development started at Czech Technical University. The core is usable in FPGA and ASIC implementations. It supports ISO and NON-ISO versions of CAN FD protocol and it is compliant with ISO 11898-1 2015. The core is open-source, see the licensing conditions on project pa…</description>
    </item>
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        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2022-11-09T10:50:25+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>heinz (heinz@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>dw-backup-20200928-115416.tar.bz2 - removed</title>
        <link>http://can-wiki.info/doku.php?image=wiki%3Abackup%3Adw-backup-20200928-115416.tar.bz2&amp;ns=wiki%3Abackup&amp;rev=1667991025&amp;tab_details=history&amp;media_do=diff&amp;do=media</link>
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